Hair & Make up - our Warhol

By Kathrine Nielsen

The first scene we shot was the one near the end of our video in which Warhol secretly is grieving Edie Sedwicks death in the darkness. So I brought in a fragment of my make up kit - 3 waterbased face/body paints (Green, Red and white) Andy Warhol had a skin condition making it go blotchy for which he always used to cover it up with tonnes of make up (Foundations) Naturally our actor Owen Lewis does not suffer from this so what I did was I prepared a base of a fine - very weak watery, layer of white face paint, applied to his face and neck. After this I gently dotted with a large brush a few brown marks around his mouth, reaching his eyes and on the side of his chin, after this I applied a slightly thicker layer of white, making it much more subtle and creating the effect of 'sore' skin - basically making it look unhealthy. After this, around Owens eyes I applied a fine pink layer and a second layer in which I had mixed some brown in, yet the second layer was right under his eyes making them look sore and swollen - As if he just cried. The pictures show myself working with Owen and were taken mainly by Jasmine, yet there is one in which I asked Jasmine to help me by doing Owens hair (Straightening it) due to time constrictions. The picture showing both me and Jasmine was taken by our teacher Caroline.

Above - Jasmine, Owen and Kat

The final result - Owen Lewis

Ideas for Music Video

*Have musician get out of a Moris Minor at the beginning, before the music begins, and have him walking into concert area

*Have old-classic film countdown at beginning

*He enters into a theatre/arena and it cuts to stage, with a band and audience already set up. (This is all happening when the music starts playing before the singing)

*Musician could be in black and white to represent time and the contrast between his world and Andy and Edie's colourful world.

* He should be performing when the first lyric "I couldn't reach you when you set it to the ground" is being sung.

*The shot then cuts to Edie, walking barefoot around the street, partying with Warhol in the Factory, in studio being shot and eating in a restaurant with the Factory members.

*When the lyric "I couldn't reach you when you said you were hanging around" is playing, he could try to ring her in a red telephone box and it cuts to a phone in a flat which is surrounded by people but noone can hear it.

*When the lyric "I couldn't see you when you said turn off the lights" is playing, the musician could be watching Edie through her flat window, or peeking behind a door while she gets dressed, relaxes, hangs round with other men etc. but then she switches off the lights and so he can no longer see.

*When the lyric "I couldn't see you when you said "I'm sure I'm right" is playing, it could be Edie arguing with the musician who is trying to persuade her to leave Andy's world and come with him, but she resists, walks off and fades out with the rest of the Factory.

*When the lyrics "Life thrust down into a rush, nothing else matters much" and "Sometimes makes me lose my mind, yeah it does, it make me lose my mind", there could be more shots of Edie having fun in the factory but contrasted with dark, shaky clips of her doing drugs, shaking, looking dis-orientated along with shots of a more sinister side to the Factory and Warhol.

* When the lyric "I couldn't hear you when you said turn out the sound" is playing, Edie is walking around perhaps a trainstation under disguise (sunglasses and scarf aka Grace Kelly) and musician spots her and just before he runs over to give her a letter or say hello, papazarri and fans also spot her and he is pushed back by the crowds.

*At the end, the performer could either spot Edie in the crowd but it is a copycat wannabe OR the camera draws back from the TV, to show Edie sprawled over the floor in her now empty flat, obviously drunk or passed out.

The Andy Warhol Story

By Emma Green
Andrew Warhola was born February 6th 1928, in Pittsburgh, Pensylvania. His parents were migrants from north-eastern Slovakia, which at the time, had been under Austro-Hungarian rule. Warhol's father was a coal miner, and the family were brought up as Catholics.
As a youngster, Andy got chorea; a nervous system disease which caused involuntary movements of the extremities and skin pigmentation blotchiness. Often bed-ridden as a child, he became an outcast with his peers, so developed a strong bond with his mother. Because of his lack of freedom, he would either draw in bed, listen to the radio or collect pictures of celebrities. Warhol later believe this period helped to build his personality, his skills, and preferences.
Warhol went on to study commercial art at Pittsburgh School of Fine Arts, and in 1949, he moved to New York where he began a career in magazine illustration and advertising. His work was first praised in the 1950s, when he gained fame for his ink drawings of shoe advertisements. RCA records then decided to employ Warhol to design album covers and promotional material.
It was in the early 1960s when Andy had his first one-man art gallery exhibition as a fine artist. It was also when Warhol began to start making his paintings of iconic American products such as Campbell Soup and CocaCola as well as famous celebrities like Elvis, Marilyn Monroe, Jackie Kennedy, Muhammad Ali and Elizabeth Taylor. His work was both popular and controversial. Furthermore, he founded his "Factory", the studio in which he worked during this period, and the people which gathered in there. These included a wide range of artists, musicians, writers, and underground celebrities.

Among the imagery tackled by Warhol were dollar bills, celebrities and brand name products. He also used as imagery for his paintings newspaper headlines or photographs of mushroom clouds, electric chairs, and police dogs attacking civil rights protesters. Warhol also used Coca Cola bottles as subject matter for paintings. He had this to say about Coca Cola:

"What's great about this country is that America started the tradition where the richest consumers buy essentially the same things as the poorest. You can be watching TV and see Coca Cola, and you know that the President drinks Coca Cola, Liz Taylor drinks Coca Cola, and just think, you can drink Coca Cola, too. A coke is a coke and no amount of money can get you a better coke than the one the bum on the corner is drinking. All the cokes are the same and all the cokes are good. Liz Taylor knows it, the President knows it, the bum knows it, and you know it. "
Warhol were attacked for "capitulating" to consumerism. Critics were scandalized by Warhol's open embrace of market culture. Throughout the decade it became more and more clear that there had been a profound change in the culture of the art world, and that Warhol was at the center of that shift. Andy's work challenged the question of what really was art and how it is created.
Because Andy was an advertisement illustrator in the 1950s, Warhol used to use assistants to help with productivity. Collaboration would remain a defining (and controversial) aspect of his working methods throughout his career; in the 1960s, this was particularly true. One of the most important collaborators during this period was Gerard Malanga. Malanga assisted the artist with producing silkscreens, films, sculpture, and other works at "The Factory", Warhol's aluminum foil-and-silver-paint-lined studio. Other members of Warhol's Factory crowd included Freddie Herko, Ondine, Ronald Tavel, Mary Woronov, Billy Name, and Brigid Berlin (from whom he apparently got the idea to tape record his phone conversations).
During the 60s, Warhol also groomed a retinue of bohemian eccentrics upon whom he bestowed the designation "Superstars", including Edie Sedgwick, Viva, Ultra Violet, and Candy Darling. These people all participated in the Factory films, and some, like Berlin, remained friends with Warhol until his death. Important figures in the New York underground art/cinema world, such as writer John Giorno and film-maker Jack Smith, also appear in Warhol films of the 1960s, revealing Warhol's connections to a diverse range of artistic scenes during this period.
When Andy was shot by an art critic and Factory figure, Mario Amaya in 1968, for "having too much control over life", this signalled the end of the "Great Factory 60's". Warhol nearly died in the attempted assasination and he suffered physical effects from it for the rest of his life. The shooting inspired much of his later life and art.
The 1970's was a much quiter decade for Warhol after the success and scandal of the 1960s. He spent most of this time looking for new, rich patrons for portrait commissions. These people included Mick Jagger, John Lennon, Liza Minnelli, Diana Ross, Michael Jackson and Bridgette Bardot. He also founded "Interview" Magazine and published "The Philosophy of Andy Warhol". He also would socialise at clubs such as Studio 54 but he was described as quiet, shy and an observer. In the 1980's, he re-emerged with critical and financial success, due to his new-found friendships with young artists who were dominating the world of Art at the time with their neo-expressionist and transavantgarde work. However, Warhol was starting to become critisised for being a "business artist". His portraits of celebrities and famous personalities were called superficial and commercial with no depth or significance to the subjects themselves.
Two significant things about Andy was his sexuality and his religious beliefs. Many people thought of Warhol as "asexual", but it was well established he was a homosexual. His sexuality can be seen in work through his erotic photography, drawings of male nudes and films such as "Blow Job" and "Lonesome Cowboys". His work was drawn from the gay underground culture and many of his films were shown in gay porn theatres. At the beginning of his career, his work was rejected from galleries for being too "openly gay". His camp personality also made it difficult for him to fit in in social situations, but he refused to change his attitude.
Warhol was a practicing Byzantine Catholic. He regularly volunteered at homeless shelters in New York, particularly during the busier times of the year, and described himself as a religious person. Several of Warhol's later works depicted religious subjects, including two series, Details of Renaissance Paintings and The Last Supper. In addition, a body of religious-themed works was found posthumously in his estate. During his life, Warhol regularly attended Mass, and the priest at Warhol's church, Saint Vincent's, said that the artist went there almost daily. His art is noticeably influenced by the eastern Christian iconographic tradition which was so evident in his places of worship.
Warhol died in New York City at on February 22, 1987. According to news reports, he had been making good recovery from a routine gallbladder surgery at New York Hospital before dying in his sleep from a sudden post-operative cardiac arrhythmia (irregular heart beats and electric impulses in the heart). Prior to his diagnosis and operation, Warhol delayed having his recurring gallbladder problems checked, as he was afraid to enter hospitals and see doctors. His family sued the hospital for inadequate care, saying that the arrhythmia was caused by improper care and hyperhydration.

The coffin was a solid bronze casket with gold plated rails and white upholstery. Warhol was dressed in a black cashmere suit, a paisley tie, a platinum wig, and sunglasses. He was posed holding a small prayer book and a red rose.

Music genres

By Jasmine

Music is seen as very popular all around the world and can be classed as different genres. These genres are all a way of placing different music tastes into different group categories. For example the following:

Rock music- Otherwise known as 'Rock'n' Roll', mainly contains instruments such as, drums,guitars,guitar acoustics, electric guitars etc. It is also known to be split up into several different sub-genres such as indie rock, punk rock, emo rock and so on......

Rock music had first originated in the late 1940's to early 1950's in the US and was first started as a mixture of genres which was the blues and jazz music.

The king of Rock 'n' Roll, aka Elvis Presley, was one of the most famous legends of our time. His most famous song which had became very popular in 1957 and still popular now, is called the 'Jailhouse Rock'. He had released this specific song as Elvis was introducing the film he had starred in so that he could persuade more viewers to watch the film. He had also included other songs from the film itself, such as 'Don't leave me now' and '(You're so square) Baby i dont care'. This had topped the charts and many of his songs became number one for a number of weeks due to people purchasing his album.
Elvis sadly passed away in 1977 from a cardiac arrhythmia and his music and features are missed by many millions. Elvis is still even more popular now as many people see him as a role model in society today. Elvis's songs have also been used as a way of remembering the king himself. Such as his famous song,'A little less conversation', but in 2002 remixed by Dj junkie DXL. Even though this famous song was released it sadly only got to the 31st position in the UK charts. However, we still see the king as being one of our most missed artists in the world.

Here is the music video I have downloaded from Youtube of Elvis presley performing "A little less conversation":


Whereas, 2002's 'A little less conversation' is some what different...:

Rock Fashion- Fashion has been seen as a huge craze throughout most of our history, and it creates personality's towards each individual.

Gothic subcultures

Gothics are people who wear dark, mysterious clothing to show their emotions of their lifestyle and culture. Famous rock bands such as Marilyn Manson, Evanesense and Black Sabbath all have these features to their clothing. The darkness of their clothing also shows a rebellious side towards them as black may symbolise death.The image shown on the right is of a woman wearing a skull and bones jumper,fish net tights, netted skirt and bright red short hair. This is all so that she can create a powerful statement that she simply 'does not care' about what people think of her even though her image is quite strong to create a rebellious side to her.

The main idea behind gothic clothing lines is to re-create the clothing from the gothic era (16th century), which was also about arcitechture (Pointy arches - Notre Dame in Paris for example) and religon/folklore. The simple misunderstanding is that Marilyn Manson indeed is a 'goth' when he is actually an 'acid metaller' and the goth's usually are seen wearing vampiristic almost majestic clothes, usually in silver, blue, pink, red, purple, green and black. Vampires were seen as neat, clean tidy and perfect creatures and this is the idea the Goths are trying to obtain with lacey corsages, long gowns and robes - which can be related to the Japanese Lolita trend. Artists dressing like the classical Goth you see artists such as Evanesence, Siouxie and the Banshees and Bauhaus, classic gothic looking bands although Evanesence only look the part yet do not participate in the musical category. Goth music of the 70's to present usually consists of a steady drum beat, bass and keyboard music. The lyrics are almost like poetry.

Marilyn Manson

Evanescence

Punk rock-Usually contains instruments such as: vocals, electric guitar, bass and drums

Punk rock had first became a hit in the late 70's in the U.S and Australia. They had consisted of garage rock and other types of protopunk music so that it could combine and create the mainstream of rock music. Punk rock music is also known to be fast paced and strong to create the rebellious side of rock itself. Bands such as "Green Day" and "the Offspring" had created a phenomenon, as most people had become hooked to this new punk rock music and had widespread its popularity all over the world.

Punk Fashion

To belong in the punk subculture you must have the following variables:
*Clothing

-Usually T-shirt, Jeans and leather jacket

-They believed that second hand clothing seemed far better than expensive colourful clothing in the disco scene.

-Offensive T-shirts became very popular in the early punk scene.

-Ripped or torn clothing was seen as fashionable in the punk subculture.

-Clothing is often used to create a statement

-Fishnet stockings (sometimes torn)

*Hairstyles

-Usually long and spiked up to create a mohican

-Often dyed in outrageous colours

*Jewellery

-Spike bands or other types of studs are used commonly

-Safety pins used to hold ripped pieces of material together purposely

-Body piercings
-Silver bracelets

*Cosemetics
-Dark eyeliner is often used, particularly on women as they would often rebel about society sterotyping women. As they would stereotype them as the average women who would wear "pretty delicate clothing".

Some celebrities have influenced the punk subculture and has taught society that everyone is different, such as:

*Pink

As you can see in this picture, Pink (the singer) has got a striking attitude and has produced a statement that she simply 'does not care'. Her hair is dyed pink to represent her stage name and has been spiked up a bit to show the punk side of her.

*Kelly Osbourne

This picture on the right is of Kelly Osbourne, otherwise known as Ozzy Osbournes daughter (the lead singer off Black Sabbath). Kelly had succeeded in many areas such as becoming a successful fashion designer, singer, actress and model. I believe that Kelly's fashion is quite sinister and creates strong references of rebellion. This is because she has been known to mainly wear dark clothing. However, she may have been brought up to dress like she does as her father is 'The Prince Of Darkness'. Her punk subculture and her characteristics show that she is a tough cookie and will not let anyone get in the way, this is most common for a typical punk, as many of the females believe that they should not be stereotyped as the typical woman.

The Ramones- The Ramones along with 'The Sex Pistols' and 'The Clash', were the first ever band to be recognised as 'Punk Rock'. This had created a new musical movement in the late 70's.

Folk- Usually contains instruments such as, acoustics guitars, percussion instruments etc.

Folk music had first originated in the 19th century and was better known as 'Folklore'. A band which had first became a hit with folk music was a group called 'The Almanac Singers'. Most of their songs had linked to the labour government to promote debates around the world. This is so that people from all over the world could see what they believe what is happening in society today. In some cases they would write songs about promoting racial and religious inclusiveness and workers rights. This is due to them feeling strongly about this and they would produce songs in order to achieve their goals.
I have uploaded a video via youtube so that you can see what their song is like, enjoy :) ....:

A breakthrough in the fashion world

The styles, the names and the icons!
By Kat Nielsen

The first question to ask is, why was the 60's era the one in which fashion became a statement? What ifluenced this and what made looks so important? Back in the day, the daring fashion started out inspired by photography, film, musicals and pop art, ironic seeing as Andy Warhol himself was a pop artist, but also people being able to travel abroard allowed this multicultural inspiration. International air travellig grew cheaper and more comfortable in the early 60's and hours were continually reduced off travel times. It became much more common for the middle class aswell as the upperclass to go exploring the world. In the 1960s, more Australians began to travel internationally, particularly to America and Europe. For the first time, people from all parts of the world could gain experience of the cultures of other countries resulting in ideas, fashions, trends and technology from overseas flowed more easily into the different world societies.

The Styles:
Usually and most commonly seen was the mini dresses and mini skirt for the ladies, in 1966, designer Mary Quant set a mini skirt in production which was usually 6 -sometimes 7 - inches above the knees. Incorrect that she 'invented' this type of mini skirt, yet she took the designs and ideas by Courrèges from 1964 and made the skirts even shorter, this was an item of clothing aimed at a younger generation and Quant take the credit for giving a previous product a second debut. Only it was much more daring and very controversial. Was this part of a worldwide feminine movement?

Usually seen in the early to mid 60's would be 50's clean cut suits, neat dresses with sometimes white girly collars around the neck. What did change was the patterns and colours. Going from basic cream tones and a stylish feminine cut in the style and sense of Jackie Kennedy to much more provocative and out going dresses, skirts and feminine blouses. Another liberation going from almost innocent young lady to smart young girls with their rebellious sides is the introduction of tights which replaced the girdles, roll-ons and suspender belts. The idea of seamless stockings started the revolution of tights, yet it is for sure that one could not be without the other as no groomed girls would ever go out completely bare legged back then.
Tights in the mid-late 60's were often patterned with diamond, stripe, dots and many more motifs.The most popular and trendy colour of the era was brown with golden shimmer called American Tan, this especially in large trendy cities like New York, Paris and London. For a brief period of time the Fishnet tights, which we still see frequently today were also popular. Lurex glitter tights in gold or silver were a hit for festive times like thanks giving, New Year and the Christmas period.

Moving further down came the popular and highly acknowledged footwear of the 60's. An alternative to the stilettos were the dainty lower kitten heels, the pointy toe boots and heels made way and gave inspiration for the 1961 chisel shaped toe heels - usually seen in either plain black/brown, or with a detail suck as a broche. In 1963 came the almond toe which was usually and very frequently found in pastel colours. In 1965, along with the very short dresses came flat boots, sometimes with fur lining up the side of each boot. Over time this sort of boot came to above the knee.

Typical and trendy dresses of the time: The basic description
One of the trends coming from the late 50's reaching into the mid 60's was the 'coat dress' which description wise is very forward, it is a coat shaped like a dress. Usually it goes above the knee's and flows bountfully whilst worn. Today it is still worn by celebrities such as Katie Holmes, who is here pictures in New York with her daughter Suri, Katie has also embrased the classic hairstyle and even the classic 60's Almond toe shoes in a very stylish mahogany red. Usually the coat dress was worn either with or without a skinny style sweatshirt or plain lingerie. As an assesory it was sometimes worn with a half belt on the back of the coat.

All female clothin was narrow shouldered and usually had the arm holes trimmed to reveal the shoulder joint. The baby doll dress of 1966 were rich and flared into a tent shape, usually seen with trimmed arm holes or a halter neck. Mostly produced using transparent tulles, lace or chiffon,
laces of all types. (Broderie Anglaise to guipure) Crochet effects over coloured linings or light toned linings such as soft pinks, yellows, and soft blue were extremely popular in the mid 60's. Black polo neck sweaters -made popular by the Beatles. This very same black polo neck sweater is seen several times in the film Factory Girl. The dresses were usually solid colours of red or purple -Checks of black and white or other colour combinations, Black and white was a 60's combination and was used in pop art dresses and block pieced dresses. Black patent accessories complimented all these combinations. One of the easiest ways to get the 60's look is to wear short little coloured gloves -real or fake leather, perhaps with fur detail at the wrist - with a hole cut out to reveal the back of the hand. The gloves have strong similarities in the way they look to golf gloves.

Must have assets of the 60's:

• Gloves (coloured)
• Knitted hand bag
• Coloured bracelets although black & white is more suitable
• Statement earrings - proper term "Chandelier earrings"

The names - The people who made fashion history

Italian born French clothing and interior designer Pierre Cardin created inventive designs for both genders during the 60's, this involved circular, shapes, triangles and squares, bold shapes usually set on a frame of a bold coloured dress or shirt as seen as an example of his work in the image on the right. Collarless jackets and thigh high boots became Pierre's trademark. He moved in 1945 to Paris, France were he then went on to study architecture. he was denied work at Balenciaga but in 1947 he became head of Christian Dior's taeilleure atelier and went on to found his own house of fashio in 1950. He began with 'haute couture' in 1953 - some would say he founded the idea of fashion haute couture (High dress making - a dress made to order) despite it being from 1945.


André Courrèges was the 'true' creator of the mini skirt- although his version would be more in the style of a typical school uniform skirt, and futuristic colourfull clothes which were especially seen in the late 60's and the 70's. André Courrèges also brought us the go-go boot,flat white shoes and boots and established the triangle shaped 'shift' dress as the a defining for the 60's and would be a spot on Courrèges-esque ensemble and style. Since Courrèges was a high fashion label, it would be almost unobtainable forcommon folk/middle class people to purchase any of his clothes, mainly upper class and young celebrities could be seen wearing but his designs. known today as the 'high street' they had the same alternative back i the 60's for his designer clothing and footwear as the prices were far too demanding. A lot of today's fashionable clothing which can be bought in high street shop like new look and peacocks is Courrèges orientated and seen as a vintage 'fashion treasure' Pictured on the left is a full day suit for a woman by Courrèges from the mid 60's.

Mary Quant's designs seemed to make a major impact on the swiging part of the 60's although finding any of her original works is of great difficulty. What she was mainly famous for was being a trendsetter by taking something already existing and making it more popular than it was, much like Andy Warhol did, but she also made pop art and fashion a trendy collaboration, and along with her husband she opened her own clothes shop "Bazaar". Bazaar's best selling products were small white plastic or latex/rubber collars to brighten up black dresses or a black sweat shirt, black stretch stockings were extremely popular too. Quant decided to design her own line of clothes. Initially she intened on working solo but soon was forced to employ a group of sewers and tailors as the clothes she made sold out too fast. By 1966 she was working with 18 different manufacturers. Quant did not invent the mini skirt but took the credit for putting 'mini' in mini skirt.

Mary Quants style : How to

• Mini/above knees
• Bright coloured tights
• Heavy dark make up
• False eyelashes
• Trendy bob haircut.

Having studied at the 'École des Beaux Arts' in Paris, Hubert Givenchy defines the 1960's refined vintage/classical style by designing and dressing it's most popular actor Audrey Hepburn, and President Kennedy's wife Jackie Kennedy -both on and off set. Givenchy's designs were used in Hepburn movies such as Charade, how to steal a million, Paris When it Sizzles and Breakfast at Tiffany's which he designed the "Little Black Dress" which Hepburn is usually pictured wearing on promo's, posters and in the pop art world. Both Jackie Kennedy and Hepburn were very classy ladies and Givenchy's designs were allowing girls to be girls. Without being too revealing or sexist, Givenchy gave women in all age's a chance to be feminine both when practical and when going out, which can greatly be seen on Mrs. Kennedy's wardrobe, by day she'd be looking very smart and lady like in a suit with her infamous 'pillbox hats' and by night she'd be wearing long gowns in satin and silk.

The icons: "When I grow up I wanna be like..."

Edie Sedwick

Twiggy

Audrey Hepburn

Marilyn Monroe

Liz Taylor

Mary Quant

The Beatles

Bob Dylan

Andy Warhol